In this section you learned:

• Asynchronous traffic contains gaps
• Synchronous traffic is continuous
• Asynchronous and synchronous data streams therefore need a conversion protocol between them
• V.110 or V.120 protocols are used to fill up the unused bandwidth
• This process is known as Rate Adaptation
• V.120 is also used to accommodate traffic flow between 56kbps and 64kbps ISDN lines
• Many Terminal Adapters also perform protocol conversion between synchronous PPP and asynchronous PPP